• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Compressor characterized in that it comprises: - at least one piston axially movable between a first and a second end-of-travel position; - means for moving said plunger; wherein said moving means of said plunger comprise a first driving portion (103) and a second driven portion (104), said second driven portion (104) being dragged by said first driving portion (103) and running on a straight and constrained straight path with respect to a fixed support element (105); the said driven portion (104) is constrained to the said piston and moves with an alternating motion for at least a uniform linear portion.
    公开号:CH712874A2
    申请号:CH01142/16
    申请日:2016-09-05
    公开日:2018-03-15
    发明作者:Gallino Gianfranco
    申请人:Gallino Gianfranco；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Description of the field of the invention The present invention relates to a compressor and in detail concerns a compressor with slow-moving pistons.
    Prior art [0002] Numerous types of fluid, water, air or oil compressors have been developed throughout history, designed to increase the pressure of the latter along a duct or in a confined environment.
    [0003] Typically, many of the known compressors use reciprocating pistons, flowing in one or more cylinders.
    [0004] In detail, the larger the cylinders and the pistons or equivalently the greater their number, the more fluid can be compressed per unit of time. Compressors are also known which actuate pistons of different size and length in order to ensure high volumes of compressed fluid and at the same time a high working pressure.
    [0005] Known compressors are characterized by some drawbacks. In particular, in order to increase the volume of compressed fluid, compressors of the known type often have very high operating speeds. In piston compressors, these high operating speeds are transformed into a considerable risk of wear for the pistons and especially for their gaskets, which are subjected to sliding frictions against the cylinder of significant size. Furthermore, compressors of this type are characterized by a great development of heat, of which a large part is caused precisely by the friction described above.
    [0006] It is also known that the efficiency of a compressor generally decreases as its speed increases. Thus, up to now, given the need to ensure high volumes of air and great pressures, the search for efficiency has been shifted towards the motor, which is typically electric, which feeds a connecting rod and crank mechanism that allows the reciprocating motion of the plunger in the cylinder.
    [0007] In addition, to avoid the presence of connecting rod and crank systems, an installation of engines with alternative rotation was used, which are structured in order to rotate a little in one direction and a little in the other to cause the plunger to slide with reciprocating motion within the cylinder. Furthermore, the connecting rod and crank systems cause speed variations along the linear reciprocating motion of the piston in the piston cylinder. These speed variations cause a non-uniform air compression for each piston cycle.
    [0008] These engines are significantly complex and in any case have rather low yields, combined with torque peaks that often cause mechanical breakages.
    [0009] It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a compressor which allows to solve the drawbacks described above.
    Summary of the Invention According to the present invention there is provided a compressor characterized in that it comprises: - at least one piston axially movable between a first and a second end-of-travel position; - means for moving said plunger; in which the said means for moving the said piston comprise a first driving portion and a second portion dragged, the said second portion being dragged being driven by the said first driving portion and sliding on a straight and constrained straight path with respect to a fixed support element ; the said driven portion is constrained to the said piston and moves with an alternating motion for at least a uniform linear portion.
    [0011] In greater detail, the said fixed support element comprises guide means, and the said first driving portion comprises a gear or rototranslating pinion for moving the said second dragged portion, engaging with the said rigidly constrained guide means or positioned on said fixed support element.
    [0012] According to a further aspect of the present invention, said first driving portion comprises an oscillating arm, the oscillation of which is determined by pivoting means engaging on said second driven portion.
    [0013] More particularly, the said second driven portion comprises a guiding recess within which a pin fixed to the said rototranslating gear or pinion is partially introduced.
    [0014] According to a further aspect of the present invention, the said guiding means and the said guiding recess produce a first and a second constraint element suitable for defining a predetermined rototranslation path for the said rototranslating gear or pinion.
    [0015] More specifically, the said driving recess delineates a closed path.
    [0016] According to a further aspect of the present invention, the said rototranslating gear is keyed onto a pivot pin which performs a translation movement passing through a hole in the said oscillating arm.
    [0017] In particular, said oscillating arm comprises a first end and a second end, in which a first gear wheel or traction gear is fixed to said first end and in which a second traction gear is fixed to said second end.
    [0018] According to a further aspect of the present invention, on the same pin is also keyed a first gear or traction toothed wheel.
    [0019] In particular, the said second gear wheel or gear wheel is fixed on a rotating pin.
    [0020] In greater detail, the said first driving portion comprises a non-alternative rotation motor for each cycle of the said piston.
    [0021] In detail, said motor is pivoted on said rotating pin.
    [0022] According to a further aspect of the present invention, said compressor further comprises a belt or chain for transmitting motion between said first and said second traction gear.
    [0023] In greater detail, the said fixed support element comprises a plurality of guiding means for the said second driven portion, positioned respectively on a first and a second side of the said second driven portion.
    [0024] According to a further aspect of the present invention, said guiding means comprise a plurality of bearings engaging on linear grooves formed on a first and a second side of said second driven portion.
    [0025] According to the present invention, a mechanical return system driven by a rotating motor is finally described, comprising a first driving portion and a second driven portion, said second portion being dragged being driven by said first driving portion and sliding on a rectilinear path predefined and bound with respect to a fixed support element; the said driven portion moves with a uniform linear alternating motion.
    [0026] The characteristics and aspects previously described for the compressor are also intended for the mechanical reference system described above. In particular, the said mechanical return system is understood to be claimed also per se, although preferably although not limitedly associated with a linear actuator.
    Description of the figures [0027] The compressor object of the present invention will be described in a preferred and non-limiting embodiment, with reference to the appended figures in which: fig. 1 shows a view from above of an actuation system for a compressor object of the present invention; fig. 2 shows a front perspective view of the actuation system of the present invention; fig. 3 shows a view from above of the actuation system in which a dragged portion is in a first position; fig. 4 shows a view from above of the actuation system in which said dragged portion is in a second position, further back than said first position; fig. 5 illustrates a detailed view of part of the actuation system; fig. 6 illustrates a detailed view of part of the actuation system; and fig. 7 shows a basic diagram of the compressor object of the present invention.
    Detailed description of the invention [0028] With reference to the annexed figures, with the reference number 1 a piston movement system for a compressor is indicated as a whole.
    [0029] The compressor object of the present invention is specifically designed to compress fluids such as air, water or oil, by means of a movement of a plunger preferably carried out by slow sliding within a cylinder, and preferably using a long stroke.
    [0030] In detail, the innovative piston 200 driving system of the compressor object of the present invention comprises a first driving portion 103 and a second driven portion 104, the latter directly connected to at least one piston 200 without interposition of systems with connecting rod and / or crank or other means of mechanically returning the motion. The second dragged portion 104 moves in detail substantially with a planar displacement.
    [0031] Although in the attached drawings the plunger 200 is presented in a single unit and of the traditional type, it is to be understood that this representation is purely illustrative. In particular, in fact, not only the plunger 200 can be replaced with a series of plungers 200 in series or parallel, but also, the plunger 200 can be of a different type such as for example a plunger provided with fins, technically known as "finned". piston », a double-acting piston or a piston ring.
    [0032] The driving portion 103, comprises an oscillating arm 107, having a first end 107a and a second end 107b, substantially in correspondence of which there are present a first and a second drilling within which pins are inserted which engage on a respective first and second traction gear 110, 111 or toothed wheel, positioned above the oscillating arm 107. the pins of the gears identify an axis of rotation thereof, which is in detail orthogonal with respect to the plane along which the oscillating arm moves. The pins of the gears can be so keyed together on the respective drive gear 110, 111 or toothed wheel, and therefore rotating integrally with the latter, both in idle rotation with respect to the latter.
    [0033] The traction gears or toothed wheels 110, 111 have a differentiated diameter, which is not to be construed as limiting according to the present invention, and also have straight teeth, oriented parallel to their axis of rotation.
    [0034] The first and second traction gear 110, 111 are joined together by a toothed belt 113, made of rubber and therefore elastic. Said toothed belt 113 can be made of other synthetic materials, even reinforced, depending on what the compressor power will be.
    [0035] The use of an elastic toothed belt 113 can advantageously reduce the transmission of torque peaks between one toothed wheel and the other, which can therefore deteriorate its durability over time. The elastic toothed belt 113 thus represents a means of transmission of the motion between the first and second gear wheels or cogwheel 110, 111 with shock-absorbing effect, and can be replaced with a chain or with a substitute equivalent to the price of reduction of the cushioning effect of torque pulses between one gear and another. Both the first and the second traction gear 110, 111, which rotate on axes parallel to each other and in the same direction, therefore have toothed portions 11d which allow the teeth 113d of the toothed belt 113 to be peeled.
    [0036] At the second traction gear 111, the oscillating arm 107 only performs a rotation movement on the rotation axis of the traction gear 112 itself, while at the first traction gear 110, the oscillating arm 107 describes a movement on a plane orthogonal to the pins; in particular, said movement is a movement imposed by guide means present on the second driven portion 104, which will be better explained in the following portion of description.
    [0037] At the second traction gear 111 there is a feeding motor, which is keyed onto the pin 112 so as to make its rotation integral with that of the gear itself. This motor is a common electric motor with continuous rotation, for example an electric motor in alternating current, synchronous or asynchronous, or a direct current electric motor which advantageously rotates at a constant speed. The constant angular speed of the electric motor thanks to the motion transmission system described here results in a linear movement at a constant speed of the piston, the latter having - linearly - a slowing down and an acceleration only in very restricted areas close to the end of stroke, where these reverses the motion. In order for the plunger 200 to make up a complete cycle of movement between a first and a second limit switch point and return to the said first end-of-travel point, the rotation of the electric motor always takes place in the same direction, thus avoiding complex management of change of direction of motor rotation.
    [0038] The dragged portion 104 of the piston 200 movement mechanism is advantageously realized by means of a planar support which slides over a fixed support 105, and which has, in correspondence with an upper face 104s, a guide recess 108 defining a closed path. The guide recess 108 can technically be replaced by equivalent guide means.
    [0039] The guide recess 108 acts as a first guiding element for identifying a closed path along which the pivot of the first traction gear 110 moves and along which likewise also the pivot 109 of the same moves. In detail, the guiding recess defines a path having two sides parallel to the direction of sliding of the piston and two semicircular portions of connection between the two parallel sides. A terminal portion of said pin 109 is introduced into the guide recess 108.
    [0040] At the first end portion of the oscillating arm 107 there is also a gear or rototranslating pinion 106, positioned below the oscillating arm 107, and in detail keyed to the same pin 109 which transmits to it the imparted rotational motion from the first traction gear 110. The gear or pinion 106 is defined as rototranslating in that it performs a complex movement formed by a rotation about its own axis and a translation on the plane defined by the upper face of the second dragged portion 104. Such rototranslating movement is given by the fact that the teeth of the gear or pinion 106 engage on guide means which are fixed on the upper face 104s of the second driven portion 104. In detail, in a preferred and non-limiting embodiment of the present invention which is shown in the annexed figures, these guide means are represented by a chain 119. Pr preferably not though limitedly, the chain 119 is a Galle chain, which has the advantage of easy availability and low cost.
    [0041] The chain 119 is arranged externally with respect to the guide recess 108, and is in detail fixed in a known manner on the upper face of the second dragged portion 104; in particular, the chain 119 defines the same path, that is the same "form" of the guide recess 108, when observed in plan, but on a larger scale. In this way, the gear or rotary pinion 106 in its motion is constrained between two guide means: - the first, already mentioned, represented by the guide recess 108, which constrains it in a predetermined path in correspondence with its rotation axis on the pin 109, the second, which is represented by the chain 119, which instead constrains it externally, during engagement of the teeth in the links of the chain itself.
    [0042] Therefore, in use, the rotation of the electric motor causes the rotation of the first and second gear wheels or traction wheels 110, 111, the concomitant rotation of the gear or rototranslating pinion 106, which therefore rotates with an equal angular rotation speed at the angular speed of rotation possessed by the second traction gear; the tines of the rototranslating gear 106 engage in the links of the chain 119, and thus force the planar displacement of the said rotary-sliding gear 106 or pinion along the path identified by the guide recess 108. The oscillating arm therefore follows the displacement of the gear or pinion rototranslating 106 in the two semicircular connecting portions between the straight and opposite sides of the guiding recess 108. As the rotary-sliding pinion gear 106 is in a position rigidly constrained on the oscillating arm 107, since it can rotate with respect to it around the identified axis from the pivot 109 but cannot move with respect to the latter, it is the second portion dragged 104 to move linearly with respect to the oscillating arm, because it receives a thrust force forward and backward given by the engagement of the teeth of the rototranslating gear along the chain 119 which follows the complete cycle without having a rotation inversion of the motion king.
    [0043] Although in the annexed figures the chain 119 is positioned above the upper face of the dragged portion 104, this configuration must not be understood in a limiting manner.
    [0044] In order to ensure the linear movement of the second driven portion 104, the movement mechanism further comprises guide means 115 positioned at the left and right sides of the second dragged portion. Specifically, the guiding means 115 comprise a plurality of ball bearings or rolls which are evenly spaced and arranged in a row, pivoted on the fixed support element 105 and rotating on respective axes which are orthogonal to the upper face of the latter and therefore parallel to the rotation axis identified by the pin 109.
    [0045] As thus illustrated in fig. 3, when the second dragged portion 104 is in a first end-of-stroke position, the assembly of the guiding means 115 causes the second driven portion 104 to start to move back towards a second end-of-stroke position upon traction of the toothed belt. finding itself in a successive time instant in an intermediate position as the one described in fig. 4.
    [0046] In detail the ball bearings or rollers have a rotating outer portion which is introduced into linear grooves 116 arranged on its side walls of the second driven portion 104. The grooves 116 are preferably rectangular, in order to better distribute the friction of the outer portions of the ball bearings or rollers that are partially inserted into them. However, the shape of the grooves 116 should not be construed in a limiting manner, since it is possible to have grooves 116 for example in the form of a dovetail or even with other profiles or trolleys already on the market.
    [0047] The ball bearings or rollers do not rest directly on the upper face of the fixed support element 105, but are separated from it by separating means of a known type. The height of said separator means must be such that the second driven portion 104 is separated from the upper face of the fixed support element 105 so as to eliminate any sliding friction between the latter two.
    [0048] Thus the second dragged portion 104 is interposed between two rows of bearings, arranged along a direction parallel to the direction of movement of the plunger 105.
    [0049] The advantages of the compressor movement system described above are clear in the light of the preceding description. In detail, the movement system for the piston of the compressor object of the present invention can cause the piston 200 to move with a slow motion and in particular at constant speed, and in this way the efficiency of the compressor increases.
    [0050] In particular, if the speed of movement of the piston 200 within the cylinder is to be used, it is sufficient to vary the reduction ratio between the first and second gear cog wheel 110, 111. In particular, the position immediately accessible of the first and second traction gear 110,111 advantageously allows the reduction ratio to be varied rapidly by extracting the return belt between the first and second gear wheels or traction gear wheels 110, 111 to subsequently replace the desired gear.
    [0051] The fact that the path of the guide recess 108 is of the type with two parallel sides of significantly greater dimensions than the arcs of circumference connecting them, causes most of the path of the dragged portion to be characterized by a linear speed constant, as well as constant is the force applied to compression. Consequently, the compression of the air takes place uniformly and therefore the dragged portion can be defined according to the present invention as a portion characterized by an alternating uniform linear motion.
    [0052] As shown in fig. 7, from some studies it was possible to verify that with a compressor formed by an input converter 300, a synchronous motor 301, a compressor with finned pistons 302, respectively with yields of 0.98, 0.91,0.84 it is possible to obtain an overall efficiency significantly higher than that obtainable from compression systems of the known type.
    权利要求:
    Claims (16)
    [1]
    [0053] Moreover, with the movement system object of the present description, it is also possible to slide the plunger 200 for lengths even significantly high, even in the order of a meter or more, always maintaining a constant low speed. In the same way, it is possible to connect several plungers in series or in parallel also arranged on different groups, which therefore all move in alignment on the same axis. In this case the diameters of the respective cylinders can also be different as they are equal, possibly also on different decalate groups. [0054] Finally, it is clear that additions, modifications or variations, obvious to a person skilled in the art, can be applied to the compressor object of the present invention, without thereby departing from the scope of protection provided by the annexed claims. claims
    1. Compressor characterized in that it comprises: - at least one plunger axially movable between a first and a second end-of-travel position; - means for moving said plunger; wherein said moving means of said plunger comprise a first driving portion (103) and a second driven portion (104), said second driven portion (104) being dragged by said first driving portion (103) and running on a rectilinear path constrained and predefined with respect to a fixed support element (105); said driven portion (104) is constrained to said plunger and moves with an alternating motion for at least a uniform linear portion.
    [2]
    2. A compressor according to Claim 1, in which the said fixed support element (105) comprises guide means (106), and wherein the said first driving portion (103) comprises a gear or rototranslating pinion (106) for moving the said second driven portion (104) engaging with said guiding means (106) rigidly constrained or positioned on said fixed support element (105).
    [3]
    3. Compressor according to Claim 2, in which the said first driving portion (103) comprises an oscillating arm (107), the oscillation of which is determined by pivoting means engaging on the said second driven portion (104).
    [4]
    4. Compressor according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the said second driven portion (104) comprises a guiding recess (108) within which a pin fixed to the said rototranslating gear or pinion (106) is partially introduced.
    [5]
    5. Compressor according to Claim 2 and Claim 4, in which the said guide means (106) and the said guide recess (108) provide a first and a second constraint element suitable for defining a predefined roto-translation path for the said rototranslating gear or pinion (106).
    [6]
    6. A compressor according to claim 4, wherein said guiding recess (108) outlines a closed path.
    [7]
    7. Compressor according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the said rototranslating gear (105) is keyed onto a pin (109) comprising a translation movement passing through a hole in the said oscillating arm (107).
    [8]
    8. Compressor according to Claim 3, in which the said oscillating arm (107) comprises a first end and a second end, in which a first gear wheel or traction toothed wheel (110) is fixed to the first end and in which the said gear second end is fixed a second traction gear (111).
    [9]
    9. Compressor according to claim 7 and claim 8, wherein on the same pin (109) is also keyed a first gear or traction toothed wheel (110).
    [10]
    10. A compressor according to Claim 8, in which the said second gear wheel or gear wheel (111) is fixed on a rotating pin (112).
    [11]
    11. Compressor according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the said first driving portion (103) comprises a non-alternative rotation motor for each cycle of the said piston.
    [12]
    12. Compressor according to Claim 10 and Claim 11, in which the said motor is pivoted on the said rotating pin (112).
    [13]
    13. A compressor according to claim 8, further comprising a belt or chain for transmitting motion (113) between said first and said second traction gear (110, 111).
    [14]
    14. Compressor according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said fixed support element comprises a plurality of guide means (115) for said second driven portion (104), positioned respectively on a first and a second side of said second portion dragged (104).
    [15]
    15. Compressor according to Claim 14, in which the said guide means (115) comprise a plurality of bearings engaging on linear grooves (116) formed on a first and a second side of the said second driven portion (104).
    [16]
    16. A mechanical return system driven by a rotating motor, comprising a first driving portion (103) and a second driven portion (104), the said second driven portion (104) being dragged by the said first driving portion (103) and sliding on a predefined rectilinear path constrained with respect to a fixed support element (105); the said driven portion (104) moves with a uniform linear alternating motion.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CH712874B1|2021-02-26|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    法律状态:
    2019-08-30| NV| New agent|Representative=s name: ING. ALESSANDRO GALASSI C/O PGA S.P.A., MILANO, CH |
    2020-04-30| NV| New agent|Representative=s name: FIAMMENGHI-FIAMMENGHI, CH |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    CH01142/16A|CH712874B1|2016-09-05|2016-09-05|Compressor and associated drive system.|CH01142/16A| CH712874B1|2016-09-05|2016-09-05|Compressor and associated drive system.|
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